从空中和卫星图像提取自动化路线图是一个长期存在的挑战。现有算法基于像素级分段,然后是矢量化,或者使用下一个移动预测的迭代图构造。这两种策略都遭受了严重的缺点,特别是高计算资源和不完整的产出。相比之下,我们提出了一种直接在单次通过中缩小最终道路图的方法。关键思想包括组合完全卷积的网络,这些网络负责定位点,例如交叉点,死头和转弯,以及预测这些点之间的链路的图形神经网络。这种策略比迭代方法更有效,并允许我们通过在保持训练端到端的同时消除生成起始位置的需要来简化培训过程。我们评估我们对流行的道路流数据集上现有工作的方法,并实现竞争结果。我们还将速度基准测试,并表明它优于现有的方法。这为嵌入式设备打开了飞行中的可能性。
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Making histopathology image classifiers robust to a wide range of real-world variability is a challenging task. Here, we describe a candidate deep learning solution for the Mitosis Domain Generalization Challenge 2022 (MIDOG) to address the problem of generalization for mitosis detection in images of hematoxylin-eosin-stained histology slides under high variability (scanner, tissue type and species variability). Our approach consists in training a rotation-invariant deep learning model using aggressive data augmentation with a training set enriched with hard negative examples and automatically selected negative examples from the unlabeled part of the challenge dataset. To optimize the performance of our models, we investigated a hard negative mining regime search procedure that lead us to train our best model using a subset of image patches representing 19.6% of our training partition of the challenge dataset. Our candidate model ensemble achieved a F1-score of .697 on the final test set after automated evaluation on the challenge platform, achieving the third best overall score in the MIDOG 2022 Challenge.
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Surrogate models are necessary to optimize meaningful quantities in physical dynamics as their recursive numerical resolutions are often prohibitively expensive. It is mainly the case for fluid dynamics and the resolution of Navier-Stokes equations. However, despite the fast-growing field of data-driven models for physical systems, reference datasets representing real-world phenomena are lacking. In this work, we develop AirfRANS, a dataset for studying the two-dimensional incompressible steady-state Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations over airfoils at a subsonic regime and for different angles of attacks. We also introduce metrics on the stress forces at the surface of geometries and visualization of boundary layers to assess the capabilities of models to accurately predict the meaningful information of the problem. Finally, we propose deep learning baselines on four machine learning tasks to study AirfRANS under different constraints for generalization considerations: big and scarce data regime, Reynolds number, and angle of attack extrapolation.
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We introduce an information-maximization approach for the Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) problem. Specifically, we explore a parametric family of loss functions evaluating the mutual information between the features and the labels, and find automatically the one that maximizes the predictive performances. Furthermore, we introduce the Elbow Maximum Centroid-Shift (EMaCS) technique, which estimates the number of classes in the unlabeled set. We report comprehensive experiments, which show that our mutual information-based approach (MIB) is both versatile and highly competitive under various GCD scenarios. The gap between the proposed approach and the existing methods is significant, more so when dealing with fine-grained classification problems. Our code: \url{https://github.com/fchiaroni/Mutual-Information-Based-GCD}.
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Can continuous diffusion models bring the same performance breakthrough on natural language they did for image generation? To circumvent the discrete nature of text data, we can simply project tokens in a continuous space of embeddings, as is standard in language modeling. We propose Self-conditioned Embedding Diffusion, a continuous diffusion mechanism that operates on token embeddings and allows to learn flexible and scalable diffusion models for both conditional and unconditional text generation. Through qualitative and quantitative evaluation, we show that our text diffusion models generate samples comparable with those produced by standard autoregressive language models - while being in theory more efficient on accelerator hardware at inference time. Our work paves the way for scaling up diffusion models for text, similarly to autoregressive models, and for improving performance with recent refinements to continuous diffusion.
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本文提出了最新的方法学进步,以检查一般类贝叶斯分层模型(BHM)的基于模拟的推理(SBI),同时检查模型错误指定。我们的方法基于两个步骤的框架。首先,推断出作为BHM第二层的潜在函数被推断,并用于诊断可能的模型错误指定。其次,通过SBI推断受信任模型的目标参数。第一步中使用的仿真被回收以进行分数压缩,这是第二步所必需的。作为概念的证明,我们将框架应用于基于Lotka-Volterra方程的猎物预言模型,并涉及复杂的观察过程。
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逆运动学(IK)系统通常相对于其输入特征很僵硬,因此需要将用户干预适应新骨架。在本文中,我们旨在创建一个适用于各种人类形态的灵活的,学到的IK求解器。我们扩展了最先进的机器学习IK求解器,以在众所周知的皮肤多人线性模型(SMPL)上运行。我们称我们的模型SMPL-IK,并表明当集成到实时3D软件中时,该扩展系统为定义新型AI-Asissist Animation Workfrows提供了机会。例如,通过允许用户在摆姿势的同时修改性别和身体形状,可以使姿势创作更加灵活。此外,当使用现有姿势估计算法链接时,SMPL-IK通过允许用户从2D图像引导3D场景来加速摆姿势,同时允许进一步编辑。最后,我们提出了一种新颖的SMPL形状反转机制(SMPL-SI),将任意类人形特征映射到SMPL空间,使艺术家能够在自定义字符上利用SMPL-IK。除了显示拟议工具的定性演示外,我们还介绍了H36M和Amass数据集上的定量SMPL-IK基准。
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我们探索了深度神经网络的软磁预测的聚类,并引入了一种新型的概率聚类方法,称为k-sbetas。在聚类分布的一般环境中,现有方法着重于探索针对单纯形数据(例如KL Divergence)量身定制的失真度量,作为标准欧几里得距离的替代方法。我们提供了聚类分布的一般观点,该观点强调,基于失真的方法的统计模型可能不够描述。取而代之的是,我们优化了一个可混合变量的目标,该目标测量了每个集群中数据的一致性与引入的SBETA密度函数,其参数受到约束并与二进制分配变量共同估​​算。我们的多功能公式近似于用于建模群集数据的各种参数密度,并使能够控制群集平衡偏置。这会产生高度竞争性的性能,以在各种情况下进行有效无监督的黑盒预测调整,包括一声分类和实时的无监督域适应道路,以进行道路分割。实施可在https://github.com/fchiaroni/clustering_softmax_predictions上获得。
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本申请论文对拓扑数据分析(TDA)的适用性进行了全面的实验评估,以进行湍流的定量比较。具体而言,我们的研究记录了流动肠的最大值(已建立的涡度指标)的持续图,用于180个集合成员的拓扑表示,这是由五个数值求解器的参数空间的粗略采样而产生的。我们记录了域专家报告的五个主要假设,描述了他们对不同求解器配置产生的流量变异性的期望。我们贡献了三种评估方案,以通过两种比较度量评估上述假设的验证:(i)科学成像(L2规范)中使用的标准距离和(ii)持久图之间的已建立拓扑距离(L2-Wasserstein Metricric )。在输入集合上进行的广泛实验表明,由于其涡旋的配置,拓扑距离(II)报告彼此相近的流量相似,预计将与域专家相似。总体而言,我们的研究报告的见解带来了TDA代表和比较湍流的适用性的实验证据,从而使流体动态社区对未来工作的使用量提供了信心。此外,我们的流数据和评估协议为TDA社区提供了一个由应用程序批准的基准测试,用于评估和设计进一步的拓扑距离。
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\ emph {几何深度学习}(GDL)的最新进展显示了其提供强大数据驱动模型的潜力。这提供了探索从图形数据中\ emph {部分微分方程}(PDES)控制的物理系统的新方法的动力。然而,尽管做出了努力和最近的成就,但几个研究方向仍未开发,进步仍然远非满足现实现象的身体要求。主要障碍之一是缺乏基准数据集和常见的物理评估协议。在本文中,我们提出了一个2-D Graph-Mesh数据集,以研究High Reynolds制度的机翼上的气流(从$ 10^6 $及以后)。我们还对翼型上的应力力引入指标,以评估重要的物理量的GDL模型。此外,我们提供广泛的GDL基准。
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